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Ramapo College’s 12th Annual Scholars’ Day
A Celebration of Student Creativity & Scholarship
Scholars’ Day, an annual event held near the end of each spring semester, is an opportunity for the entire community to celebrate our students’ creative and scholarly achievements. Sponsored by the Office of the Provost, Scholars’ Day showcases some of the most exemplary faculty-mentored student creativity and scholarly activities undertaken in 2023-24. A juried event, Scholars’ Day features poster and oral presentations that represent the support of the convening groups of the majors or minors associated with the projects and the dedication of faculty mentors.
Scholars' Day 2024 Schedule
Scholars’ Day Schedule
April 15, 2024
Poster Session
4:00-5:00 PM
Friends Hall
Oral Presentations
5:00-6:30 PM
Friends Hall
Reception
6:30-7:30 PM
Friends Hall
Oral Presentations
Anisfield School of Business
ESG Reporting and Assurance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Student Presenter: Emily Carney
Faculty Mentor: Kathryn Yeaton
School of Contemporary Arts
No Neurodiverse Child Left Behind: Improving Higher Education For Students with Learning Disabilities
Student Presenter: Melissa Glasson
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School of Humanities and Global Studies
The Impact of Using the First Language in Therapeutic Treatment for Spanish-English Bilingual Clients in the U.S
Student Presenter: Allison Contreras-Ortiz
Faculty Mentor: Natalia Santamaria-Laorden
School of Social Science and Human Services
Effects of Additional Information, Musical Context and Virtual Reality on the Emotional Affect
Student Presenter: Magdalena Nikolova and Justin Haskoor
Faculty Mentor: Naseem Choudhury
School of Theoretical and Applied Science
Optical conductivity of high-entropy alloys based on BaMnSb2
Student Presenter: Agrim Gupta and Suraj Neupane
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
Poster Presentations (updating)
Anisfield School of Business
ESG Reporting and Assurance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Student Presenter: Emily Carney
Faculty Mentor: Kathryn Yeaton
Investigating Youth Opinions on Sustainable Fashion on Social Media: Going Beyond Sentiment by Leveraging Large Language Models
Student Presenter: Tina Nosrati
Faculty Mentor: Enrique Nunez
Blockchain as Potential Catalyst for Advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Student Presenter: Shreya Ranjan
Faculty Mentor: Nikhil Varma
The Ramapo Job Landscape: An Analysis & Comparison of Available Job Positions to State & Nation Levels
Student Presenter: Simon Szuban
Faculty Mentor: Rikki Abzug
School of Contemporary Arts
Analyze the Fridge
Student Presenter: Cecil Borgono
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
No Neurodiverse Child Left Behind: Improving Higher Education For Students with Learning Disabilities
Student Presenter: Melissa Glasson
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
To Be Free But Not to Bleed Free: America’s Inequality in Menstrual Product Access
Student Presenter: Sara Hosbach
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
The Importance of Fentanyl Test Kits: Why We Need to Make Fentanyl Testing Kits Available and Legal on a Federal Level
Student Presenter: William Jackson
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
The Pink Invasion: How Gender Plays a Role in The Films We Watch
Student Presenter: Joseph Santana
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
Mixed
Student Presenter: Mia Schutz
Faculty Mentor: Ann LePore
Homes & Hopes: Bridging the Gap for Homeless Drug Users
Student Presenter: Jack Volerich
Faculty Mentor: Ruma Sen
School of Humanities and Global Studies
Representation of Children in Holocaust Work
Student Presenter: Madeline Zech
Faculty Mentor: Tae Kwak
Sexual Violence During The 1994 Genocide Of Tutsis In Rwanda
Student Presenter: Giavanna Barras
Faculty Mentor: Jacob Labendz
A Year in the Life of a CRW Consultant
Student Presenter: Elly Raisch
Faculty Mentor: Vittoria Rubino
College Students’ Diverse Culture & Political Action
Student Presenter: Dominique Walton
Faculty Mentor: Edward Shannon
I Am Going to Destroy My Dead Mother
Student Presenter: Christina Feinroth
Faculty Mentor: Eric Daffron
The longterm effects of childhood trauma: A historical and psychological perspective
Student Presenter: Arianna Castillo
Faculty Mentor: Natalia Santamaria Laorden
The Impact of Using the First Language in Therapeutic Treatment for SpanishEnglish Bilingual Clients in the U.S.
Student Presenter: Allison Contreras-Ortiz
Faculty Mentor: Natalia Santamaria Laorden
School of Social Science and Human Services
Understanding Sex Differences of eCB Modulation through Fear Conditioning on Adolescent Rats
Student Presenter: Aafnan Alam
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Christian Reich
Stochastic Resonance and Using Colored Noise to Increase Concentration
Student Presenter: Maya Peacock
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Naseem Choudhury
Effects of Additional Information, Musical Context and Virtual Reality on the Emotional Affect Induced by Art
Student Presenter: Magdalena Nikolova, Justin Haskoor, Can Ozger
Faculty Mentor: Naseem Choudhury
P3b Auditory Processing Differences in Adults with Self-Reported Attentional Deficits
Student Presenter: Danielle Rosengrant, Suzanne Zaugg
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Naseem Choudhury
Social-emotional learning for underserved high school students: A collaboration between Upward Bound Math Science and Social Work Programs at Ramapo College
Student Presenter: Linda Johnson
Faculty Mentors: Colleen Martinez, Sandra Suarez & Brigid Nonas
Bill A1074
Student Presenter: Megan Sweeney
Faculty Mentor: Elieen Klein
Attitudes of Social Workers in Substance Use Facilities on Harm Reduction: An Ethical Conflict
Student Presenter: Jillian Carbine
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Stephanie Sarabia
School of Theoretical and Applied Science
Multiregional Approach to Monitoring Migratory Raptor Counts Within the Atlantic Flyway
Student Presenter: Zofia Myszko
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
Tree Species Most Likely to Replace White Ash Canopy Trees in the Ramapo Mountains
Student Presenters: Kyle A Sheldon & Aleah Germinario
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
Tree Growth, Mortality, and Recruitment in a Mixed Hardwood Forest in the New Jersey Highlands
Student Presenters: Niki Bajracharya & Noah Sgaramella
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
The RhlR mutant of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows attenuated virulence and increased antibiotic susceptibility compared to the wild type strain
Student Presenters: Kayla Tram & Anish Gayam
Faculty Mentor: Kokila Kota
Identification and Assessment of Thermotolerant Proteases from a Thermophilic Actinomycetes Strain Extracted from the Soil
Student Presenters: Ekaprana Ramesh & Joseph Ditaranto
Faculty Mentor: Kokila Kota
Quantification of Antioxidant Capacity of Herbal Materials and Commercial Essential Oils
Student Presenters: Nicholas J Cleffi, Elias Zakko & Anthony Perillo
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
Effects of Various Storage Conditions on Extending Shelf-life and Preserving Antioxidant Capacity of Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
Student Presenters: Nicholas Cleffi, Anthony Perillo & Elias Zakko
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
Optical Properties of Ultra Low Absorption Silicon
Student Presenters: Eranda Serjani & Agrim Gupta
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
Contactless technique for measuring magneto-impedance of amorphous alloys
Student Presenters: Alexander Sikiric, Agrim Gupta & Suraj Neupane
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
The Effect of Salicylic Acid on Garlic (Allium sativum) in Response to Elevated Levels of Heavy Metals in the Hackensack Meadowlands
Student Presenter: Michelle Gonzalez
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
Evolution of a G-quadruplex forming sequence in recent SARS-CoV-2 variants
Student Presenter: Demitra T Rooyakkers
Faculty Mentor: Paramjeet Bagga
Identification of Basidiomycetes and Screening of Ligninolytic Enzyme Activity in Fungal Species from Northeast America
Student Presenters: David E Romero, Gabriela Petrova & Metin San
Faculty Mentor: Suma Somasekharan
Designing a Novel Yeast Brewing Strain Using CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Engineering
Student Presenter: Jenna Vesey
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
The Impact of Different Caffeinated Drinks on Planaria Regeneration
Student Presenters: Emma Naprstek, Katelyn Molina, and Emily Brunner
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
Beyond Traditional Therapies: Targeting the DRK1A gene and Emerging Technologies for Improving Cognitive Function in Children with Down Syndrome
Student Presenter: Hema R Patel
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
The Effect of Pitch Rate on Fermentation and Isoamyl Acetate Production
Student Presenter: Isabella Torres
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
Effects of Abscisic Acid on Corn (Zea Mays) Grown under Salinity and Flooding Conditions
Student Presenter: Anthony R Perillo
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
Which pollinators are visiting which plant species in the restored and unrestored meadows?
Student Presenters: Kayla B Carreno, Abigail Kunde, Heidi Lin & Rondell Reyes
Faculty Mentor: Natalie Lemanski
Optical conductivity of high-entropy alloys based on BaMnSb2
Student Presenters: Agrim Gupta & Suraj Neupane
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
Abstracts
Anisfield School of Business
Project Title: ESG Reporting and Assurance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Student Presenter: Emily Carney
Major: Accounting
Faculty Mentor: Kathryn Yeaton
School: Anisfield School of Business
Abstract: As Corporate Responsibility (CR) and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting take on increased prominence, investors and other stakeholders increasingly seek transparency and reliability in these disclosures. CR and ESG reports commonly provide information detailing the sustainability efforts of the organization presenting information which may be quantitative metrics and / or qualitative discussions. One approach to address stakeholder concerns of transparency and reliability is for reporting companies to provide third party assurance on the information provided in the report.
As social and environmental initiatives and priorities have shifted, guidelines are being developed for companies to standardize ESG data presentations along with addressing the corresponding risks associated with their impacts. This research examines how S&P 500 companies release this data and have this information audited, assured, and/or verified. Each of these companies disclose their ESG information differently, if at all, with some utilizing accounting firms or other third-parties to provide assurance in an effort to address the reliability concerns of stakeholders. Specifically, this research addresses the environmental aspects of standardization such as greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) as it relates to the level of assurance awarded. While there is clearer guidance for assurance examinations regarding GHG emissions for Scopes 1 & 2, there is little consistency in assurance surrounding Scope 3. Ultimately, this research attempts to visualize that lack of uniformity and explain the resulting implications on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) climate disclosure proposal set forth in 2022.
Project Title: Investigating Youth Opinions on Sustainable Fashion on Social Media: Going Beyond Sentiment by Leveraging Large Language Models
Student Presenter: Tina Nosrati
Major: Computer Science
Faculty Mentor: Enrique Nunez
School: Anisfield School of Business
Abstract: In the rapidly evolving landscape of fashion, understanding the perspectives of the younger generation is crucial for industry stakeholders. Traditional social media analysis, primarily reliant on sentiment analysis, offers a limited view, categorizing opinions into basic tones: positive, negative, and neutral. This approach fails to delve into nuanced opinions, such as preferences for government interventions in fashion sustainability or the effectiveness of consumer behavior incentives. To bridge this gap, we utilized Large Language Models (LLMs) to develop a customized classification model. The LLM based model was trained to recognize and classify specific viewpoints, transcending the limitations of conventional sentiment analysis. This model provided a more granular understanding of youth opinions on key topics like sustainable fashion practices, governmental policies, and promotional strategies in the fashion industry.
Project Title: Blockchain as Potential Catalyst for Advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Student Presenter: Shreya Ranjan
Major: Information Technology Management
Faculty Mentor: Nikhil Varma
School: Anisfield School of Business
Abstract: Blockchain technology, with its decentralized and transparent features, can provide a significant acceleration towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Its ability to offer secure and immutable records enables reliable data tracking and reporting in sustainability initiatives.
One impactful area that this research specifically explores is ESG reporting, where organizations track Environmental, Social, and Governance practices to improve sustainability efforts. The current technology framework (web 2.0) often faces limitations in data accuracy and flexibility. Blockchain’s immutable ledger and transparent transactions address these challenges directly, ensuring data integrity and fostering trust among stakeholders thereby contributing to SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. Integrating blockchain with Internet of Things (IoT) devices offers a promising avenue for enhancing data security and collection. Encrypting IoT devices on blockchain networks enables organizations to verify the authenticity and integrity of collected social and environmental data. Smart contracts that self-executing immutable agreements coded on blockchain platforms can enforce pre-defined sustainability criteria, reducing errors and discrepancies while promoting transparency.
Beyond these, the emergence of Web 3.0, powered by AI and blockchain, presents novel opportunities for businesses to align with SDGs. By fostering improved governance practices, energy efficiency, and reduced environmental impact, Web 3.0 can contribute to achieving SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. Embracing advancements in blockchain technology, IoT integration, smart contracts, and Web 3.0 empowers organizations to contribute to a more transparent, secure, and responsible ecosystem, ultimately aligning their efforts with the core principles of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Project Title: The Ramapo Job Landscape: An Analysis & Comparison of Available Job Positions to State & Nation Levels
Student Presenter: Simon Szuban
Major: Management
Faculty Mentor: Rikki Abzug
School: Anisfield School of Business
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to explore the employee qualifications most desired/advertised by employers surrounding Ramapo College of New Jersey. Additionally, there is an interest in comparing the local demand to demand across the rest of the state and the country, per industry sector. The study drew October 2023 job announcement data from Handshake, an online platform that lists available job positions for students. Information from each listing within the local Mahwah area was collected, and results were compared to the most recent labor market statistics of New Jersey and the United States. Insights found in the analysis show a greater local demand for workers in specific industry sectors (i.e. healthcare, educational services) when compared to the rest of the state and the country; likewise, there is less demand for workers in other sectors (i.e manufacturing, technology) when compared to the statewide and nationwide workforce. Furthermore, insights can be drawn from the observed overlap of specific candidate knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAOs) from industry to industry as well as the range of unique job positions offered per industry.
There are implications for various stakeholders, including but not limited to students, colleges, and local companies. The overlap of desired KSAOs from industry to industry may emphasize the importance of expanding student skills and knowledge beyond those of a specific industry or major. In the comparison of industries, the relative prominence of specific sectors may be of interest to jobseekers that are more risk-adverse and, therefore, wish to pursue a long-term career in an economically healthy sector. Additionally, the predicted growth may be seen as an opportunity for higher-education establishments to add new or to revise current majors, minors, and concentrations to adapt to the prospective job market, therefore creating additional value for enrolled students who wish to jumpstart their career.
School of Contemporary Arts
Project Title: Analyze the Fridge
Student Presenter: Cecil Borgono
Major: English and Literary Studies
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: On August 1994, a new Green Lantern comic titled “Forced Entry” inspired a phrase that has since become a trope in media. The phrase “Stuffed into the Fridge” is commonly shortened to “fridged” which has been popularized by Gail Simone. “Fridged” can be defined as a character that is killed for the sole purpose to motivate another character to move the plot forward. I perused multiple tv tropes categories, sifting through examples of how characters have died, along with the circumstances of said death. I viewed multiple demographics of characters, in order to find the prevalent denominator amongst them. The resulting numbers were then compiled into a graph to better depict the likelihood of certain characters being fridged. Out of thirty-one characters, the most common character to be fridged were white women at 54.8% of the sample size. Sadly, this is a reflection on society and its connection to hegemonic masculinity.
Project Title: No Neurodiverse Child Left Behind: Improving Higher Education For Students with Learning Disabilities
Student Presenter: Melissa Glasson
Major: Communication Arts
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: As more young people diagnosed with learning disabilities enter four hopeful years of higher education, the hope is squandered because of little access to or awareness of specialized services and accommodations. This scenario hinders both the education system along with countless students left with mental health issues and diminished potential. In this research paper, the main objective is to investigate the challenges these students face and whether the support structures implemented in their institutions are sufficient enough for their college careers to be worthwhile. An independently run survey amongst this demographic accompanied by three scholarly journals with their own research and results will verify the relevancy of this paper. The findings are intended to inform educators, school administrations and the support services in enhancing inclusivity and fostering success for students with learning disabilities in higher education. A good amount of the research gained in the featured journals conducted their studies based on structured interviews and online school simulations to get a better understanding of what root causes stemmed between students and the specialized service departments they needed help and guidance from. While these studies highlighted key struggles higher ed. students with disabilities face, they lacked a personal insight of what the students themselves believed would be improvements to said departments and their overall college experiences. From the independent research, the 13 respondents had identical answers to what should be changed: faculty training for learning disabilities understanding and having these institutions offer accommodations upon students’ first year. This research and the journals all show crucial points in how the college experience can be more enjoyable for this demographic.
Project Title: To Be Free But Not to Bleed Free: America’s Inequality in Menstrual Product Access
Student Presenter: Sara Hosbach
Major: Communication Arts
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: Women, nonbinary, and transgender individuals who menstruate encounter a plethora of economic, societal, and legislative barriers to obtaining safe supplies and properly treating the monthly occurrence. Excluding instances of pregnancy, menstruating individuals typically have their period monthly from puberty to menopause. These roadblocks punish an uncontrollable bodily function, specifically targeting lower status individuals. Within America, the inaccessibility to menstrual products reflects overarching inequalities that continue to wither and divide the nation. Conversations surrounding period poverty and inaccessibility are imperative to understanding gender gaps that still exist within America. Improper menstrual supplies can be extremely harmful and toxic to the body. In addition, a lack of menstrual materials can result in judgment or a decline in a person’s successful ability to participate in society. For example, a young girl who cannot afford pads or tampons may experience ridicule if she freely bleeds in school or has to miss class while on her period. By becoming informed on this silenced health crisis, action can be taken to improve the supplies and conditions for menstruating individuals. Through surveying and a literature review, an understanding of this inequity is fully established.
Project Title: The Importance of Fentanyl Test Kits: Why We Need to Make Fentanyl Testing Kits Available and Legal on a Federal Level
Student Presenter: William Jackson
Major: Communication Arts
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: One of the more serious issues facing the United States since 2012 has been the increasing number of fentanyl related overdoses. This project is completed with a goal of pushing for easier access nationwide to fentanyl testing kits, specifically from the Center for Disease Control (CDC). This campaign will also push for legalization of fentanyl test kits on a federal level, with a goal of reducing the number of fentanyl related overdoses in the United States. The campaign will specifically target areas in New Jersey and New York with higher levels of fentanyl related overdoses, and the legalization aspect of the campaign will target states that have not legalized fentanyl testing kits.The number of fentanyl related deaths have increased dramatically between 2012 and 2022 – from 2,628 reported deaths in 2012 to 73,654 reported deaths in 2022. Fentanyl was responsible for over 70% of all drug related overdoses in the United States in 2022. Another issue regarding fentanyl is its invisibility in drugs, and how deadly a microdose can be for anyone. It’s nearly impossible to spot fentanyl by eye in any drug, and it can only take 2 mg of the drug to become fatal for the user. The only way to be completely sure a drug such as opioids, cocaine or marijuana contain fentanyl would be to use a test kit.
Project Title: The Pink Invasion: How Gender Plays a Role in The Films We Watch
Student Presenter: Joseph Santana
Major: Communication Arts
Faculty Mentor: Satarupa Dasgupta
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: Throughout film history, we have seen many big cultural moments grace the silver screen. From Gone with the Wind to Avengers Endgame, these films truly changed what a film could achieve within and outside the theater. However, One film came along that changed all that, and its name is Barbie. This film was unabashedly women centric, from the posters exclaiming Barbie’s virtues to the movie’s all pink marketing campaign. It was so unique and caused such hunger that many people questioned how big it was. This poster shows how such a unique perspective in film comes from the people behind the camera. The people who pour their blood, sweat, and tears into devising a work of art that comes from their worldview and how that worldview has been severely limited by looking at other films with different perspectives.
Project Title: Mixed
Student Presenter: Mia Schutz
Major: Visual Arts
Faculty Mentor: Ann LePore
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: This piece is a personal piece about the coming together of two families of different races and meeting each other’s parents for the first time. I wanted to use the ice cream soft serve machine as a metaphor because it has become an important symbol in my family because we own an ice cream store. I have always imagined myself as the blend between my parents, just like the chocolate and the vanilla ice cream mix into the swirl. The soft serve machine is all about the coming together of two flavors which I used to represent the unity of two distinct cultures. In Mixed, I analyzed my parents’ story by using audio from a conversation regarding their complex feelings of meeting each other’s families. For this piece I wanted to combine the different skills that I learned in these past four years into one work, which is animation and painting. Animation and digital art is my genre of choice; however, I have recently picked up a love for painting. Through the use of projection, I was able to combine both painting and digital animation into a piece that exists in both the physical and digital world. The projection allowed me to make the canvas come to life by having ice cream come swirling out of the painted machine. The images move off the canvas onto the wall and back again as the ice cream transforms into symbols that go along with the narration. This piece allows the audience to view both painting and animation in a unique way while also giving them a new perspective to experience the story.
Project Title: Homes & Hopes: Bridging the Gap for Homeless Drug Users
Student Presenter: Jack Volerich
Major: Communication Arts
Faculty Mentor: Ruma Sen
School: Contemporary Arts
Abstract: The confluence of homelessness and substance addiction poses a multifaceted societal challenge, indicative of broader systemic failures including inadequate healthcare, unaffordable housing, and weak social safety nets. This complex situation necessitates comprehensive research and policy interventions aimed at addressing the underlying causes and facilitating sustainable solutions.
This paper specifically delves into the significant impact of media on shaping societal attitudes and policy approaches towards homelessness and substance addiction within the contexts of the UK and US. It critically examines the role of media narratives in influencing public understanding and policy development, a crucial undertaking given the escalating prevalence of these issues. The portrayal of homelessness and addiction in the media is a potent tool that can sway public opinion and, consequently, policy decisions, highlighting the importance of this research.
The study is structured around several pivotal questions:
- How does the portrayal of homelessness in the media influence public perception and policy making in both the US and UK?
- What variances exist in media portrayals of homelessness between these countries, and how do these differences impact the services and support available to homeless individuals?
- What are the systemic impediments that obstruct effective treatment and support for those suffering from substance addiction and homelessness?
The aim is to uncover media induced biases, stereotypes, and narratives that shape public and policymaking perspectives. The findings intend to shed light on the complexities surrounding these social issues, suggesting actionable interventions. Furthermore, this analysis will explore unexpected findings and deviations from preestablished theories, enriching our understanding of the interplay between media representation and societal response to homelessness and substance addiction. This comprehensive examination underscores the critical role of media in framing public discourse and influencing policy directions.
School of Humanities and Global Studies
Project Title: Representation of Children in Holocaust Work
Student Presenter: Madeline Zech
Major: History
Faculty Mentor: Tae Kwak
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: The Holocaust was a devastating event in human history that resulted in the deaths of millions of people, including six million Jewish people, and forever changed the way we understand the world. The vulnerability of children during this time was especially profound, as they were often the most innocent victims of the horrors that took place. In film and scholarship, the depiction of children’s vulnerability has been used to help audiences understand the lessons of the Holocaust and the importance of preventing such atrocities from occurring in the future. Analyzing scholarly works, such as Life is Beautiful, Schindler’s List, and The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, will demonstrate how perceived child innocence will cause a disruption when constructing a Holocaust narrative. The use of child innocence as a way to illustrate the horrors of the Holocaust leaves audiences able to resonate with the emotions being inflicted upon them as a way to convey this universal idea of the Holocaust. Even by telling one story of a child, countless other children had similar experiences; therefore, memorialization of these child experiences is vital in preserving Holocaust memory and perspectives. In this paper, I will argue that Holocaust diaries, scholarship, film, and museums use the common theme of innocence from child experiences to influence and construct a narrative, therefore providing an alternative outlook on the Holocaust through a child lens.
Project Title: Sexual Violence Against Tutsi Women During the Rwandan Genocide
Student Presenter: Giavanna Barras
Major: History
Faculty Mentor: Jacob Labendz
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: The 1994 Genocide in Rwanada devastated the Tutsi community. Both Hutus and the Rwandan National Guard used sexual violence as a form of a genocidal tactic to destroy the Tutsi community. Hutu perpetrators degrade Tutsi women and terrorize the Tutsi community, leaving women with physiological trauma and unwanted pregnancies. Hutuperpetrators also used rape to dehumanize and weaken the Tutsi community and to further their political goals during the genocide. The sexual violence was worsened by the negative stigma surrounding rape in Rwanda and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. The general public in Rwanda looked down upon unmarried and pregnant women as well as This led Tutsi women to either induce dangerous self managed abortions, abandon, or kill their babies that were conceived through rape. Organizations such as ProFemme and the Association of Genocide Widows provide medical and psychological help to Tutsi women, as they campaign and advocate on their behalf. Even with this assistance, Tutsis are still trying to rebuild their community and find peace three decades after the genocide.
Project Title: A Year in the Life of a CRW Consultant
Student Presenter: Elly Raisch
Major: Int’l Studies
Faculty Mentor: Vittoria Rubino
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: “A Year in the Life of a Writing Center Consultant,” developed from our conference presentation at the National Conference on Peer Tutoring in Writing, focuses on the use of community engagement as a way to build bridges and break barriers between all that use and work in a writing center. The goals are to share the ways in which the Center for Reading and Writing creates its own small community and then builds bridges outward toward the larger campus community. Peer Consultants will address their personal and professional experiences working at the Center such as the hiring process, training, the work we do (both inside and outside the Center), mentorship between staff and consultants, as well as celebrations and camaraderie. All aspects work toward building internal and external “bridges,” or relationships.
Peer Consultants will also highlight the practices that have made them feel valued and how this translates to personal development. They will share how they have benefited from the work they do and the relationships they have established within the Center, thus making them feel more connected to the campus culture. They will also discuss the stigma and judgment associated with students who attend writing centers and how the work they perform actually helps students to develop agency and connection to their work by learning strategies for independent critical thinking. Community engagement begins at the individual level and when the consultants trust and respect each other, the joy they have in their work becomes more obvious to others. As the Center invites students to sit and work in our space and reaches out into the community by being present in alternative spaces, the feeling of inclusion and the work of reading and writing become synonymous with Ramapo College’s mission of inclusivity, experiential learning, and the mentorship of students.
Project Title: Student Activism & Culture at Ramapo
Student Presenter: Dominique Walton
Major: English Literature
Faculty Mentor: Edward Shannon
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: Historically, college students have played a key role in political protests. However, over time, the college environment has shifted in nature and much less political action is allowed or encouraged. Exploration is necessary in this area to understand trends in both administration and student attitudes towards sociopolitical change. In a case study of Ramapo College, the researcher examines how the culture on college campuses has changed college students’ relationship with political protest. This project reflects the goals of “Harmonizing Heritage” by taking the Honors student out of their historical moment, out of the classroom, and injecting them into the memory of the institution: its archives. Specifically, the goal of this research is to identify trends and shifts in how protests are manifested at the Ramapo College of New Jersey in the early 1970s compared to the present day. When examining the process, research will be focusing on 19751980 to find a number of rules and roadblocks that cause barriers for students. The sources and tools used to research are the college archives, interviews with faculty who worked at the school during this time, interviews with the American Federation of Teachers chapter at Ramapo College, and the current offices that uphold processes pertaining to the research. The hypothesis is that protests and change is still happening, although currently political action looks different from the past.
Project Title: I Am Going to Destroy My Dead Mother
Student Presenter: Christina Feinroth
Major: English & Literary Studies
Faculty Mentor: Eric Daffron
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: In 2012, Alison Bechdel published her graphic memoir, “Are You My Mother.” This autotheoretical text explores psychoanalytic concepts in conjunction with Bechdel’s lived experiences. In the memoir, Bechdel trudges through the muddiness of her tumultuous relationship with her mother and applies the theories of Sigmund Freud, D.W. Winnicott, Jacques Lacan, and many other psychoanalysts to make sense of that relationship. This autotheoretical paper takes a similar approach, utilizing Bechdel and the psychoanalytic theories within “Are You My Mother” to shed light on the effects of loss during early childhood, as well as the consequences of this loss throughout adulthood. While Bechdel’s mother is very much alive, her traumatic experiences with her mother mirror the experiences of the loss of a parent during childhood. This paper argues that unhealthy attachments to parents can look similar among both neglected children and children who have lost their parents. To corroborate this, I employ personal anecdotes regarding the loss of my own mother and childhood traumas, which also serve as a structural means to bridge that gap between Bechdel and myself. This autotheoretical lens is crucial, as it demonstrates what happens when one applies psychoanalytic and literary theory to the self and also mirrors the format of Bechdel’s book. This project argues that whether a mother is alive or dead, the experiences of daughterhood can often be traumatic and exceptionally similar among all daughters. It also aims to push the boundaries of what literature and literary theory can look like.
Project Title: The longterm effects of childhood trauma: A historical and psychological perspective
Student Presenter: Arianna Castillo
Major: Spanish / Nursing
Faculty Mentor: Natalia Santamaria Laorden
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: This essay focuses on the lasting effects that childhood trauma could have on an individual over time. It specifically focuses on the effects of isolation and difficulties in concentrating. While isolation usually derives from the detachment of society that is used as coping mechanism, the difficulties in concentrating derive from a poor development of the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex regions of the brain, while children are Coping with trauma. These coping mechanisms vary on whether the child is facing type I or type II traumas. The essay also provides a historical framework for the cases of trauma in the United States. In this regard, the case of Mary Ellen Wilson was key, since there were no laws in the United States that protected children against abuse. The essay will, specifically, delve into how the view of children and parenting shifted from considering children an “object” (Doraphy) to more modern views and how this shift led to a change of child abuse in the USA legal system.
Project Title: The Impact of Using the First Language in Therapeutic Treatment for SpanishEnglish Bilingual Clients in the U.S.
Student Presenter: Allison Contreras-Ortiz
Major: Spanish / Psychology
Faculty Mentor: Natalia Santamaria Laorden
School: Humanities and Global Studies
Abstract: Through a comprehensive review of the existing literature, this study explores the impact of using a client’s first language in therapy sessions and its importance in the client’s healing and sense of identity. The focus on languages in therapy derives from the fact that the native language is more often the language of emotional expressiveness, while the second language is often used to increase emotional distance, especially when clients are facing traumatic events. To this end, the review explores the theoretical frameworks of compound, coordinated, and subordinate bilingualism to advocate for therapeutic interventions adapted to the client’s language preferences and needs. It emphasizes the significance of “codeswitching” and the strategic prioritization of the client’s first language as essential techniques for facilitating emotional expression and fortifying a solid relationship with one’s therapist. The findings reveal the intricate interplay between emotional and communicative dynamics within bilingual therapeutic settings, explaining the complexities of bilingualism and its implications for therapy.
Furthermore, the review addresses the escalating demand for bilingual professionals and the diverse linguistic needs of clients, striving to offer an understanding of bilingual therapeutic strategies. This research contributes to the broader discussion on linguistic diversity in healthcare, highlighting the critical role of language in developing therapeutic outcomes.
School of Social Science and Human Services
Project Title: Sex-Differences Of Synaptic Plasticity Through Fear Conditioning In Adolescent Rats
Student Presenter: Aafnan Alam
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Christian Reich
Major: Biology
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: This research project will discuss how fear-conditioning affects the endocannabinoid system (eCB) in regards to fear and memory among male versus female rats in vitro. The endocannabinoid system modulates many hormones and influences the way humans behave. It is composed of endocannabinoids and receptors (such as CB1 and CB2) that aid in the functioning of the brain. When comparing male rates with female rats, it can be hypothesized that sex differences in adolescent hippocampal cells can cause functional differences in the endocannabinoid system and impact emotional learning and behavior. Thus, if there is more endocannabinoid activity in female rats than male rats, females might have a lower threshold for where synaptic activity occurs. Further studies need to be performed on not just male rats but female rats as well to analyze this. This study focuses on the behavioral aspect of the laboratory, where sets of male and female rats undergo fear-conditioning chambers and are either injected with JZL 184 or a vehicle solution. On day one (contextual day) the rats are exposed to fear conditions of a slight buzzing under the surface, and on day two (recall day) will be expected to freeze despite there being no buzzing sensation. The aim is to gain a deeper understanding as to why neurobehavioral related disorders have different occurring rates depending on sex, ultimately reaching a step closer to therapeutic treatments for society. Preliminary results demonstrate that by increasing 2AG with JZL, freezing is decreasing on recall day, suggesting an increase in the endocannabinoid 2AG during learning is interfering with the association between the box and the shock. Compared to the controls, freezing amongst the rats that received the drug was higher. Future research will switch JZL 184 on contextual day instead of recall day to demonstrate the memory being formed.
Project title: Stochastic Resonance and Using Colored Noise to Increase Concentration
Student Presenter: Maya Peacock
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Naseem Choudhury
Major: Mathematics
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of using specific frequencies bands of auditory signal to facilitate focused and sustained attention in college-aged adults while studying. Stochastic resonance theory suggests that one can amplify, and correctly identify, a signal in the midst of specific frequencies and intensities of noise thus enhancing the signal to noise ratio (SNR). In humans this serves to facilitate attention to the signal and inhibit attention to irrelevant stimuli. Research suggests spectrums of sounds most reliably shown to increase focused attention are white (all frequencies audible to the human ear at equal intensity), pink (lower tones, intensity decreases at a specific rate) and brown noise (variable frequency and intensity). 121 college-aged students (100 females, 12 with ADD or ADHD) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions (no noise, white, pink or brown noise) and asked to listen to the spectrum via headphones as they read a passage and responded to comprehension questions or solve math problems. Environmental sounds such as “conversations” or music were also piped in during the session. Results suggest that usage of any three of the frequencies provides an increased level of concentration, but those who used white noise felt the most focused compared to the rest of the population.
Project title: Effects of Additional Information, Musical Context and Virtual Reality on the Emotional Affect Induced by Art
Student Presenter: Magdalena Nikolova and Justin Haskoor
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Naseem Choudhury
Major: Biology
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: The subjective experience of art is not well-understood. As debate on the role of bottom-up or top down processes continues, we utilize virtual reality (VR) technology to study potential top-down effects on art perception and emotion by manipulating both the informative context and the emotional setting. This study investigates the interaction between visual arts and music as a form of synaesthesia, which may modulate the aesthetic experience, considered as a particular emotion. Young adults will be asked to participate in a VR museum exhibition simulation of Francisco Goya’s Black Paintings. The evoked affects will be assessed using The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). There will be four randomly assigned groups :a) a narration about the artist’s life and the significance of his paintings (group N), b) classical music (group M), c) both (group NM), and d) a baseline background noise (group B). Participant’s art knowledge will also be assessed, as determined by the Vienna Art Interest and Art Knowledge Questionnaire (VAIAK). The results from this experiment will be compared to prior results published in Ozger & Choudhury, 2023.
Project title: P3b Auditory Processing Differences in Adults with Self-Reported Attentional Deficits
Student Presenter: Danielle Rosengrant
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Naseem Choudhury
Major: Biology
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder that is diagnosed and studied in children. ADHD often persists into adulthood but the underlying mechanisms are vastly understudied in this group. Previous research has shown that difficulties in attentional processing are linked to atypical activation of specific cortical neuronal networks. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERP), specifically the P3b, can be used to assess differences in patterns of neuronal activity underlying attention. Using an oddball paradigm with auditory stimuli under active and passive attentional conditions, we examine differences in neural activation in adults with and without ADHD. As expected, robust P3b (ca. 385-485 ms) peaks were identified in all adults in central regions, albeit these components were more right lateralized and less well defined in the ADHD group. Within the ADHD group, the presentation and processing of the target stimuli elicited a greater response than the standard stimuli (F1,9 = [6.949-15.094], p < 0.05), however responses to standard stimuli appeared later than responses to target stimuli across both conditions. The active condition also elicited a more robust response than the passive condition (F1,9 = [4.907-5.620], p < 0.05). The control group (n=24) had greater amplitudes across all conditions and stimuli when compared to individuals with ADHD. This may involve an increase in the amount of neuronal network activation involved in processing in the control group.
Project title: Social-emotional learning for underserved high school students: A collaboration between Upward Bound Math Science and Social Work Programs at Ramapo College
Student Presenter: Linda Johnson
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Colleen Martinez
Major: Social Work
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: The Upward Bound Math Science (UBMS) Program is a federally funded program that supports high school students from Paterson, New Jersey by teaching academic skills and providing tools to help students graduate from high school and pursue a college degree in a STEM career. This program’s participants, who are potential first-generation college students or from a low-income household, or at high risk for academic failure, are in high need of social and emotional education, as evidenced by the CYW Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 (CD-RISC-10), Emotion Awareness and Emotion Regulation assessments.
Beginning in 2022, UBMS and the MSW Program at Ramapo College have been working collaboratively to provide Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) to UBMS participants, as well as to support the practicum learning needs of MSW students as interns. In the UMBS program, the MSW Intern is also referred to as the SEL counselor. Social Emotional Learning involves developing interpersonal and emotional regulation skills, providing emotional support, promoting positive relationships, building upon strengths, and developing skills to manage and thrive in academic endeavors.
In the MSW program, all students complete a practicum of 600 hours over an academic year. The purpose is to provide social work graduate students with hands-on experience under the supervision of a practicum instructor so that MSW students can achieve the nine social work core competencies. As the SEL Counselor for UBMS, the MSW intern has facilitated a focus on the social and emotional needs of UBMS participants by providing a multi-tiered system of support, which includes assessments, 1:1 intervention with students, and small and large group interventions. Dr. Colleen Martinez (social work), Dr. Sandra Suarez (UBMS) and Ms. Nonas (UBMS) are mentoring this project.
Project title: Importance of having an advocate for survivors of sexual violence
Student Presenter: Megan Sweeney
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Elieen Klein
Major: Social Work
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: It is important that we advocate for survivors of sexual assault to have an advocate present during the evidence collection kit, police interview, and prosecutor interview. I have chosen to advocate for the passage of NJ Bill A1074, which guarantees a survivor’s right to have an advocate under certain circumstances. This bill was introduced in November 2022 and referred to the Assembly Judiciary Committee. Bill A1074 is sponsored by Assemblyman Gary Schafer (District 36) and Assemblyman John F. McKeon (District 27). The bill has been in committee since November of 2022 and is pending technical review by the legislative council. This bill will help many survivors who need support and connect survivors with resources they may need. Sexual violence is one of the most underreported crimes in America, even though it is estimated that there is an assault that occurs every 68 seconds in America. This is due to the large social problem of the negative stigma that surrounds sexual violence. The negative stigma leaves survivors feeling shame and often has them blame themselves for the assault. Having Bill A1074 allows an advocate to support survivors and inform them of their rights during any exam or interview. To better support this bill, it is essential to write to New Jersey representatives to help pass this bill, educate one another on sexual violence/ consent, and lastly, believe survivors when they disclose their assault with simple steps such as these; it is possible to move forward and stop the negative stigma that surrounds sexual violence.
Project title: Attitudes of Social Workers in Substance Use Facilities on Harm Reduction: An Ethical Conflict
Student Presenter: Jillian Carbine
Faculty Mentor: Dr. Stephanie Sarabia
Major: Social Work
School: Social Science and Human Services
Abstract: This study’s purpose is to understand the lived experiences of social workers in the field of substance use disorders navigate ethical decision making. Areas of focus include investigating how current treatment practices in the field of substance use disorders align with the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics, integration of harm reduction into practice, and how agency policies can give guidance or cause conflict in ethical decision making. A qualitative study design was used to achieve the purpose of this research. The researcher interviewed 10 credentialed social workers in the field of substance use disorders over the age of 18 to gather data. Interviews were conducted individually via WebEx or face to face, consisting of 16 open ended questions, with the researcher asking unstructured follow up questions as needed. Results present implications for education of social workers both continuing and pre-license, best practices to promote the well being and self determination of clients, and the importance of utilizing clinical supervision.
School of Theoretical and Applied Science
Project Title: Multiregional Approach to Monitoring Migratory Raptor Counts Within the Atlantic Flyway
Student Presenter: Zofia Myszko
Major: Environmental Science
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Many groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of raptor migration come from data collected at Hawk Mountain Sanctuary (Kittatinny Ridge, Pennsylvania) and Cape May Bird Observatory (Atlantic coast, New Jersey). The purpose of this study was to examine if data from a carefully selected group of hawkwatch sites between the Kittatinny Ridge and the Atlantic coast can boost our understanding of raptor migration through the Atlantic Flyway of northeastern North America. We conducted diurnal migrant raptor counts in the Ramapo Mountains (New Jersey Highlands) nearly every rainless hour during fall migration season from 2014 to 2023, while data from the other study sites was retrieved from HMANA’s hawkcount.org online database for the same time period. Results revealed that annual migrant count totals for Buteo platypterus (Broad-winged Hawk), Buteo lineatus (Red-shouldered Hawk), and Cathartes aura (Turkey Vulture) were by far the highest within the region between the Kittatinny Ridge and the Atlantic coast. Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk), Accipiter cooperii (Cooper’s Hawk), Falco sparverius (American Kestrel), Falco columbarius (Merlin), Circus hudsonius (Northern Harrier), and Pandion haliaetus (Osprey) consistently exhibited the highest counts at Cape May. Surprisingly, Aquila chrysaetos (Golden Eagle) was the only species for which annual count totals were consistently highest at Hawk Mountain. After combining data from Hawk Mountain, Cape May and sites in the region in between, populations of most species appeared to be relatively stable over the ten-year period of study with only two exceptions. Golden Eagles exhibited a statistically significant negative trend, and Turkey Vultures exhibited a statistically significant positive trend. In conclusion, despite a large portion of existing literature focusing on the Kittatinny Ridge, we suggest that the understanding of the migrant raptor populations that pass through the Atlantic Flyway can greatly benefit from approaches that include previously underrepresented sites.
Project Title: Tree Species Most Likely to Replace White Ash Canopy Trees in the Ramapo Mountains
Student Presenters: Kyle A Sheldon & Aleah Germinario
Major: Environmental Science
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Invasive Emerald Ash Borer insects (Agrilus planipennis) are causing White Ash tree (Fraxinus americana) populations to rapidly decline throughout much of the northeastern United States. The purpose of this study was to predict which tree species will most likely replace dead White Ash canopy trees within a 30-hectare forest study plot in the Ramapo Mountains. For all patches (n = 26) of two or more neighboring canopy White Ash trees, we recorded the species and trunk diameter of all subcanopy and midstory trees that were beneath or within five meters of the edge of White Ash canopy. Our preliminary results reveal that among the 900 possible replacement trees, the number of individuals and the relative basal area of Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) are by far the highest, followed by Red Maple (Acer rubrum), Black Birch (Betula lenta) and 16 other tree species. These results raise concern because populations of at least two of the tree species that are most likely to replace White Ash in the short to medium term are expected to eventually decline due to climate change.
Project Title: Tree Growth, Mortality, and Recruitment in a Mixed Hardwood Forest in the New Jersey Highlands
Student Presenters: Niki Bajracharya & Noah Sgaramella
Major: Environmental Science
Faculty Mentor: Eric Wiener
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Various stressors have been impacting the health and regeneration of numerous tree species in forests throughout much of the northeastern United States. The purpose of this study was to examine recent tree growth, mortality, and recruitment within a 3.6 ha permanent forest plot in a mixed-hardwood forest in the New Jersey Highlands. Species, trunk diameter (dbh), stratum, and GPS coordinates were recorded in 2017 and 2023 for all trees > 10 cm dbh. Our results revealed that among the twelve most common species, the abundance of Fraxinus americana (White Ash) and Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood) steeply declined, while the abundance of Acer rubrum (Red Maple) and all of the Quercus (Oak) species also declined. In contrast, the abundance of Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple), Betula lenta (Black Birch), Sassafras albidum (Sassafras), Carya glabra (Pignut Hickory) and Fagus grandifolia (American beech) increased. Interestingly, growth measured between 2017-2023 was statistically consistently lower for most species than in the previous six years. The spatial distribution of the three most common species revealed a significant positive spatial correlation between Black Birch and Red Maple (p < 0.001) and significant negative spatial correlations between each of these two species and Sugar Maple (p < 0.01), which are likely either due to competition or different niche requirements. Clearly, the tree species composition within our study area is in a highly dynamic state. Future surveys within our permanent forest plot will allow us to continue to monitor the rise and fall of different tree species over time.
Project Title: The RhlR mutant of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows attenuated virulence and increased antibiotic susceptibility compared to the wild type strain
Student Presenters: Kayla Tram & Anish Gayam
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Kokila Kota
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium that is frequently found in patients with cystic fibrosis, burn wounds, and various immuno-compromised conditions. The bacterium is known to produce various virulence factors through group communication behaviors known as quorum sensing. Quorum sensing and the related bacterial communication is highly regulated at the genetic level and our research focus is to understand the mechanisms involved in the process. Quorum sensing behaviors of the bacterial strains contribute to the global problem of antibiotic resistance and the study will contribute to our understanding of some of the fundamental concepts of the field. RhlR is a quorum sensing receptor and transcriptional regulator in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that activates the transcription of various virulence factors. RhlR promotes the expression of genes coding for pyocyanin, biofilm formation, elastases, along with genes for many other virulence factors. The goal of our research is to use biofilm formation and pyocyanin production as biomarkers to compare the pathogenicity of wild type versus the RhlR mutant strains. While comparing the two strains for their virulence, we observed that the bacterium exhibits a novel mechanism known as “autolysis or sacrificial killing” which is bacterial apoptosis. Both the virulence phenotypes-pyocyanin and biofilm contributed to the autolysis of the bacteria but what was very interesting was that the wild-type strain showed much higher autolysis than the RhlR mutant strain. These results were consistent with our experimental observations that the mutant formed weaker biofilms and expressed lesser pyocyanin than the wild type strain. We also tested various gram-negative bacterial antibiotics on the wild-type and the mutant strains for their susceptibility/resistance. These results provide an important insight into the transcriptional activator RhlR of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in the future studies, might provide some novel gene targets for designing quorum quenchers or quorum sensing inhibitors as drug molecules.
Project Title: Identification and Assessment of Thermotolerant Proteases from a Thermophilic Actinomycetes Strain Extracted from the Soil
Student Presenters: Ekaprana Ramesh & Joseph Ditaranto
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Kokila Kota
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: One of the most important groups of soil bacteria, recognized as a source of commercially important enzymes and antimicrobials, is the Actinomycetes, and the the diversity of Actinomycetes is largely underestimated. Considering the potential of discovering Actinomycetes that can produce enzymes and antimicrobials with industrial and medical applications, we previously screened many soil samples collected from selected sites of Ramapo campus soils. Several strains were isolated and screened using the standard Microbiology and Biochemical diagnostic tests. One of the several strains isolated was identified as a thermophile, and based on the colony morphology, gram staining, and diagnostic tests, it was identified to be a gram-positive spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genus Actinomycetes. Proteases that can remain active under extreme conditions such as high temperature, pH,and salt concentration are widely applicable in the commercial sector. Commercial applications require the proteases to resist high temperatures and alkaline conditions. We hypothesized that the thermophilic strain of Actinomycetes has a great potential to produce extracellular proteases that are thermo-tolerant and alkaline in nature. Our preliminary studies indicate that the proteases remain active in a broad range of temperatures and pH, making this a commercially important study. We are currently optimizing the conditions to maximize the protease yield in the bacterium and testing various parameters to understand the stability of the proteases. Downstream processing techniques like ammonium sulfate are used to partially purify the proteases while the specific activity of the protease was estimated using casein as the substrate and phenol Folin–Ciolcaltea Reagent. The thermostable nature of these proteases makes them suitable for industrial applications requiring higher temperatures and, therefore, shorter reaction times and a low risk of contamination.
Project Title: Quantification of Antioxidant Capacity of Herbal Materials and Commercial Essential Oils
Student Presenters: Nicholas J Cleffi, Elias Zakko & Anthony Perillo
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Dried herbal materials (roots, leaves, flowers) and essential oils extracted from different herbs are widely used in physical and cosmetic therapies, which can be applied either topically or through aromatherapy. However,herbal supplies are marketed without FDA approval regarding their safety and efficacy. Manufacturers are accountable for making valid claims and ensuring the safety and quality of their products. It is not surprising that contamination and adulteration of commercial products are common.A project was designed to investigate the quality of herbal products that are available for purchase on the market. The purity and concentration of these commercial products are unknown. The antioxidant capacity of these products was determined using the DPPH method, as an indicator of their qualities. Three dried herbal samples (ginseng root powder, lemon balm leaf,and lavender flower) were tested, together with 10 essential oils in a set sold on the Amazon website. The results showed that lavender flower had the highest antioxidant capacity, (per gram dry weight) followed by lemon balm leaf, and ginseng root powder had the lowest. Among the essential oils tested, Clove oil (93.87%) and Ginger oil (91.80%) have the highest percent of inhibition on free radicals, demonstrating high antioxidant capacity. Rose oil (82.73%) was also among the highest. Some of the oils with lower antioxidant capacity included sweet orange (1.39%) and peppermint (1.35%), which might be due to low essential oil concentrations in the samples. This project will continue to explore other commercial essential oils and dried herbal materials. Additional essays on quantifying total phenolic compounds and antioxidants will be added to confirm the findings.
Project Title: Effects of Various Storage Conditions on Extending Shelf-life and Preserving Antioxidant Capacity of Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
Student Presenters: Nicholas Cleffi, Anthony Perillo & Elias Zakko
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) are known to contain high levels of antioxidants, a class of molecules that can prevent damage to cells caused by free radicals in the body. Including blueberries in the diet is suggested as a natural way to obtain antioxidants. However, the quality of blueberries deteriorates quickly during storage and the antioxidant contents decline. In order to extend the shelf-life and preserve the levels of antioxidants in the berries, various storage conditions were examined. In particular, lavender dry flower and essential oil were included in the treatments, as the herb was known to have antimicrobial properties and may slow down the growth of microbes on fresh produce. It was hypothesized that the use of a closed container, paper towel, and lavender materials could affect the quality of blueberry and the retention of antioxidants during storage. Fresh blueberries were obtained from a local grocery store. Several storage conditions were examined: 1) Control capped/uncapped; 2) Towel capped/uncapped; 3) Lavender flower capped/uncapped; 4) Lavender oil capped/uncapped. At 7 d and 14 d of treatments, the size, weight, and pH of blueberry samples were quantified. The antioxidant capacity of samples was quantified using the DPPH method. The results showed that the blueberry trial stored with a paper towel in an uncapped container retained the highest antioxidant capacity (an average inhibition of free radicals by 88.33%). The trial with the lowest antioxidant capacity was stored with lavender oil in a capped container (an average inhibition of free radicals by 66.63%). From these findings, we can conclude that the quality of blueberries deteriorated differently under various storage conditions. Future work can include additional storage factors (e.g. temperature, light exposure) to see if an optimal condition to store blueberries can be identified.
Project Title: Optical Properties of Ultra Low Absorption Silicon
Student Presenters: Eranda Serjani & Agrim Gupta
Major: Engineering Physics
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Silicon (Si) is perhaps the most commonly used semiconductors for electronics and photovoltaic applications. While in solar cells applications it is desired to absorb as much energy as possible, there is also strong interest in obtaining silicon with extremely low absorption, and large energy band gap, for use as optical coating in infrared devices. It has been shown recently that, depending on the preparation conditions, amorphous silicon (a-Si) and Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon (a-Si:H) can have almost double the band gap of crystalline Si and orders of magnitude lower absorption in infrared. Here, we present combined measurements of reflectance and transmission, from Terahertz to Ultraviolet spectral regions, on thin films of a-Si and a-Si:H, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. We discuss how the substrate temperature, thickness and hydrogenation affect the band gap and absorption, over a very broad spectral range.
Project Title: Contactless technique for measuring magneto-impedance of amorphous alloys
Student Presenters: Alexander Sikiric, Agrim Gupta & Suraj Neupane
Major: Engineering Physics
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: The strong magnetoelastic (ME) coupling in magnetic amorphous alloys (MAA) have been exploited for measuring a variety of physical parameters, such as mass, density, viscosity, humidity, or temperature. When a longitudinal magnetic field is applied, a ribbon of MAA also changes its length. If the magnetic field is then oscillated with variable frequency, a strong induced electromagnetic response (emf) can be detected in a pick-up coil, when the oscillating frequency matches the mechanical resonance of the ribbon. The implications on the magnetoimpedance of MAA ribbons have not been explored much, possibly due to the challenge associated with losses through the contacts. Here, we first show that, using a radiofrequency (rf) resonator technique, the rf-impedance can be measured without the need for contacts. Then, we show that magnetoimpedance has strong and unusual field dependence. We will discuss possible origins of our findings and propose new sensor applications of MAA materials.
Project Title: The Effect of Salicylic Acid on Garlic (Allium sativum) in Response to Elevated Levels of Heavy Metals in the Hackensack Meadowlands
Student Presenter: Michelle Gonzalez
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: The Hackensack Meadowlands is a salt marsh, and its sediments contain high levels of heavy metals, such as Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). Exposure to excessive amounts of heavy metals may lead to increased oxidative stress and cellular damage in non-halophytic plants, which subsequently causes stunted growth and nutrient depletion. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone that defends plants against stress environments through morphological, physiological, and biochemical means. Thus, SA may play an important role in defending garlic against heavy metals such as Cu and Zn to prevent detrimental effects on its growth and production. In this study, the inhibitory effects of Copper and Zinc on garlic plants was quantified, with or without a SA treatment. The garlic cloves were germinated in deionized water and then treated with one of the following solutions: 1) 4 CuCl2; 2) ZnCl2; 3) CuCl2 + SA; 4) ZnCl2 +SA; 5) Control (deionized water). Copper treatment resulted in the most growth inhibition as manifested by shortest leaves, shortest and fewest roots. Garlic roots exposed to heavy metals had significantly lower protein contents, indicating severe damages in the roots which made it impossible for garlic to absorb the necessities to develop into a healthy plant. The leaves had more closed stomata, preventing them from performing photosynthetic activity as evident from least amounts of leaf photoreceptors (chlorophylls and carotenoids). Salicylic acid intercepts heavy metal’s inhibitory effect as it maintains garlic’s growth and protein content at a closer level to control, along with increasing leaf photoreceptors by having more open leaf stomata. Overall, SA was likely to protect garlic from heavy metal exposure by preventing impaired plant growth and overexpression of certain photosynthetic and antioxidant enzymes for stress mitigation.
Project Title: Evolution of a G-quadruplex forming sequence in recent SARS-CoV-2 variants
Student Presenter: Demitra T Rooyakkers
Major: Bioinformatics
Faculty Mentor: Paramjeet Bagga
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had an unprecedented impact on global health due to its highly mutative properties and rapid emergence of viral variants. The development of effective strategies to target the novel virus is contingent upon knowledge of the complex cellular and molecular biology of the virus and its pathogenicity within a host cell. Its RNA genome replication, protein translation, and viral assembly can be regulated by secondary structures which either inhibit or aid in these processes. The cis-regulatory motif called a G-quadruplex can play significant roles in gene regulation and viral replication. A G-quadruplex is a three-dimensional structure formed by guanine rich nucleic acids. The purpose of this study was to determine if G-quadruplexes can potentially influence the virulence and evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Using computational methods, we identified Quadruplex forming G-Rich Sequences (QGRS) in both the positive and negative sense strands of the reference SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan RNA genome. We further studied the presence of these QGRS in six current variants of interest and compared the data with multiple sequence alignments performed using ClustalW. Upon comparison, we identified eleven QGRS to be conserved in the positive sense Wuhan genome as well as all the current variants, suggesting the importance of these regulatory motifs for the biology of SARS-CoV-2 virus. These conserved QGRS were mostly found in coding regions of the genome. In addition, we identified nine QGRS in the negative strand of the Wuhan variant, two of which were significant, as they were present in the Wuhan variant but absent in the more current viral variants. Our data suggests that the G-quadruplex forming sequences present in the Wuhan genome possessed replication regulatory capabilities which were not favored in the evolution of the virus.
Project Title: Identification of Basidiomycetes and Screening of Ligninolytic Enzyme Activity in Fungal Species from Northeast America
Student Presenters: David E Romero, Gabriela Petrova & Metin San
Major: Biochemistry
Faculty Mentor: Suma Somasekharan
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: A significant proportion of fungi produce lignin degrading enzymes such as Laccases and Manganese peroxidases. These enzymes are involved in breakdown of lignin by oxidizing phenol hydroxyl groups of lignin. In addition, laccases have potential in bioremediation as they also oxidize various aromatic compounds such as substituted phenols, aromatic amines, and certain inorganic compounds. We recently foraged nearly 30 different mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) from various parts of Northeast America. We have isolated and cultured mycelium from these fungi. We are currently screening these mycelia for ligninolytic activity. We are culturing the fungi on media containing Guaiacol (2-methoxy Phenol) and ABTS (2,2′-azinobis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate), the color reactions serve as a screen for Ligninolytic activity. In this poster we will present the results of some initial screening with ABTS and Guaiacol. We are also optimizing protocols for isolation of genomic DNA from these organisms. We will present a detailed description of our process of purifying genomic DNA and using fungal specific primers to identify the specific species of these fungi. Our immediate goals are to A) Identify the 30 different species of Basidiomycetes using DNA barcoding, B) Screen for ligninolytic activity from all 30 species, C) Study mRNA expression of Laccases and Manganese Peroxidases in these species and identify the specific isoforms of these enzymes. Our long-term goals are to clone, express and purify some of the species-specific Laccases and decode the Laccase activity against various Polyhydroxy aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH’s)-a serious contaminants in drinking water
Project Title: Designing a Novel Yeast Brewing Strain Using CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Engineering
Student Presenter: Jenna Vesey
Major: Bioinformatics
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: With the craft brewing industry being a 100 billion dollar industry, a way to design specific flavor profiles for different beers has become extremely desirable. Our research looks into the production of one specific aromatic, isoamyl acetate, a highly desirable “banana aroma” present in hefeweizen. Yeast converts isoamyl alcohol to isoamyl acetate via an alcohol acetyltransferase produced from the ATF1 and ATF2 genes, while isoamyl-acetate hydrolyzing esterase produced by the IAH1 gene catalyzes the reverse reaction. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated that yeast strains which produce high levels of ATF1 and ATF2 relative to low levels of IAH1 produce higher levels of isoamyl acetate. In an effort to increase production of isoamyl acetate, we hypothesize that down regulating or knocking-out IAH1 completely will generate a strain that produces significantly higher levels of isoamyl acetate. Using a CRISPR- Cas9 system, we aim to knock out IAH1 in a hefeweizen strain in order to test this hypothesis. To accomplish this, we are employing a three-step cloning process whereby we design an sgRNA to target Cas9 cleavage in the coding region of IAH1 near the start codon, and integrate an mRuby2 reporter gene. This will serve to successfully knockout IAH1 while also generating a strain that can provide insight into IAH1 expression for future studies. With the newly constructed strain, we aim to compare the wild-type and mutant strain in side-by-side fermentation studies and examine isoamyl acetate production, with the premise of generating a strain that can enhance overall flavor. Through the power of genetic engineering, we aim to expand our understanding of how these genes work as well as work to generate novel strains for the craft brewing industry.
Project Title: The Impact of Different Caffeinated Drinks on Planaria Regeneration
Student Presenters: Emma Naprstek, Katelyn Molina, and Emily Brunner
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Caffeinated drinks have increased in popularity over the recent years, resulting in an increased production of various energy drinks. Caffeine is known to be a popular central nervous system stimulant (O Bertasi, Humeda, et al., 2021). Adenosine is a neurotransmitter that promotes sleep and relaxation, and caffeine works by blocking the adenosine receptors in the brain in order to stop these effects (Sitzman & Goode, 2013). While small doses of caffeine are known to enhance alertness and cognitive function, excessive quantities can induce anxiety and twitching with unrestricted use (Mokkarala, 2022). Energy drinks are generally consumed for their high levels of caffeine for these reasons. Further research is needed to pinpoint the ideal dosages that offer beneficial effects. To further understand these dosages, different caffeinated drinks will be used in this experiment to analyze the impact they may have on planarian regeneration. Planarians will be used as model organisms in this experiment because they hold high dopamine levels when regenerating in addition to being easy to care for, having a fast regeneration time, and being relatively inexpensive. An important aspect of planarians is their high dopamine levels during regeneration due to dopamine’s relationship with caffeine (Lazorik, 2019). Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward, and its heightened levels during regeneration align with caffeine’s known role in enhancing dopamine signaling through the antagonism of adenosine receptors, suggesting a conceivable correlation between caffeine and regeneration (Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research, 2001). By investigating the impacts of different caffeinated drinks on planaria, the analysis could also explore the difference in ingredients within these separate caffeinated drinks and their impacts. Understanding the relationship between caffeine and its influence on planarian regeneration could shed light on both its positive and negative effects on human health, ultimately helping to make wise decision-making regarding caffeine consumption amongst all users.
Project Title: Beyond Traditional Therapies: Targeting the DRK1A gene and Emerging Technologies for Improving Cognitive Function in Children with Down Syndrome
Student Presenter: Hema R Patel
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Down syndrome affects 1 in 700 live births in the United States, making it the leading genetic cause of intellectual disability. The root cause of this condition stems from an extra chromosome 21, leading to a wide range of physical and cognitive impairments. Current interventions, such as speech-language and occupational therapy, aim to emphasize early cognitive and language skills to help children reach their highest potential. Although these interventions strive to overcome neurodevelopmental barriers, they do not tackle the root cause, and thus, fall short of fully alleviating many of the cognitive symptoms associated with the disorder. Innovative research is now transcending traditional boundaries, aiming to target and inhibit specific genes that are overexpressed in individuals with Down syndrome to combat the disorder using a genetic approach. For instance, inhibiting the DYRK1A gene has shown promise in boosting cognitive function, learning, and memory. Future genetic approaches aim to take this many steps forward by utilizing technology such as CRISPR to excise the entire Down syndrome critical region, encompassing many genes involved in cognitive impairment. The ultimate goal is to use the groundbreaking XIST technology to completely silence gene expression of the additional chromosome, thereby eradicating the root cause of the disorder and preventing the manifestation of the impediments caused by Down syndrome. By examining neurodevelopment, targeting specific genes, and harnessing emerging technologies, new pathways are being explored to enhance cognitive functions in children with Down syndrome, providing new hope for individuals grappling with this condition.
Project Title: The Effect of Pitch Rate on Fermentation and Isoamyl Acetate Production
Student Presenter: Isabella Torres
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Joost Monen
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Beer is enjoyed by consumers worldwide, but the science underlying the brewing process often goes unappreciated. To make beer, four main ingredients are required: malted grains, water, hops, and yeast; the quality, quantity, and processing of each being critical. One key process is yeast pitch rate, which refers to yeast cell counts added to the brew for fermentation. Yeast strain suppliers provide specific pitch rate guidelines; however, anecdotal evidence from brewers and suppliers suggests that underpitching yeast for a hefeweizen brew will maximize isoamyl acetate, a desirable aromatic in a good hefeweizen. To test whether underpitching increases isoamyl acetate levels and its impact on fermentation, yeast growth, and viability, we examined five different pitch rate conditions over a twelve day period in triplicate: a ten-fold increase, a two-fold increase, the recommended pitch rate, a two-fold decrease, and a ten-fold decrease. Small-batch fermentations of 150 mL were incubated at 20 C and samples collected every 24 hours to analyze cell counts and viability using a hemocytometer, determine fermentation rates using a refractometer, collect and store yeast samples for further gene expression processing, and collect beer samples to determine isoamyl acetate production. While cell counts were significantly different on day 1, by day 3 all conditions appeared to have similar cell counts with >95% viability, indicating that underpitching produces significantly more yeast growth in the first 48 hours. Increased pitch rates showed greater fermentation in the initial 24 hours, but by day five all other conditions caught up, indicating that pitch rate does not affect overall attenuation. As a continuation of the project, GC-MS and a qualitative sensory analysis by local brewers will be used to examine isoamyl acetate production in each of the conditions. Once this data is examined, gene expression will be examined in conditions with significant isoamyl acetate production.
Project Title: Effects of Abscisic Acid on Corn (Zea Mays) Grown under Salinity and Flooding Conditions
Student Presenter: Anthony R Perillo
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Yan Xu
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Rising sea levels pose a significant threat of saltwater intrusion to agricultural lands, leading to increased salinity and flooding conditions that can impact the productivity of plant-based staple foods, such as corn (Zea mays). Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that assists in plant response to environmental stress, by regulating several biochemical and physiological processes. Therefore, we hypothesized that ABA could play an important role in assisting corn plants’ growth and productivity against the effects of salinity and flooding conditions. This hypothesis was studied through two separate experiments, one focusing on salinity stress without waterlogging, while another focused on combined salinity and waterlogging stress. The first experiment consisted of 20 corn plants being treated with 4 separate treatments (with 5 replicates each) to mirror the respective conditions: 1) Control (di-water), 2) Control + ABA, 3) Salt (salt water), and 4) Salt + ABA. Each replicate was given either di-water or salt water (8.667 g of sodium chloride per 1L), and sprayed with ABA solution if needed. Based on real-time soil water retention data, ABA-treated plants had less uptake of salt treatments most likely through the closing of stomata (reducing water loss through transpiration) or by altering root functions. In addition, ABA treatment was able to boost productivity in control plants, as manifested by higher contents of chlorophyll and solution protein in the leaves, indicating the hormone played a role in photosynthetic activities. Overall, ABA was likely to have assisted in the prevention of more detrimental effects of salinity in the growth and development of corn plants through boosts in photosynthesis while promoting water use efficiency. Besides, the combined salinity and waterlogging experiment is currently ongoing in the greenhouse.
Project Title: Which pollinators are visiting which plant species in the restored and unrestored meadows?
Student Presenters: Kayla B Carreno, Abigail Kunde, Heidi Lin & Rondell Reyes
Major: Biology
Faculty Mentor: Natalie Lemanski
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: Understanding pollinator-plant interactions is essential for ecosystem conservation and restoration efforts. This study investigates the diversity and community composition of pollinators visiting various plant species in restored and unrestored meadows. Field observations and statistical analysis were employed to identify and document pollinator activity and plant visitation patterns in both field sites. A bipartite network of plants and their insect visitors was created as well to visualize which pollinator species are being supported by the restored meadow and which plants are the most important resources for them. The study reveals significant differences in pollinator diversity and plant visitation between restored and unrestored meadows. In restored meadows, native plant species that were reintroduced have led to increased floral diversity and abundance, attracting a wider range of diverse pollinators. Bees, including both honeybees and bumblebees, have been found to be prominent visitors to abundant plant species such as Common Milkweed, Butterfly Milkweed, Wild Bergamot, Purple Crown Vetch, and Mountain Mint. Butterflies and moths were also found to exhibit preferences for colorful and nectar-rich species such as Echinacea and Common Milkweed. Additionally, true bugs and beetles were present and mostly found in Goldenrod, Common Milkweed, and Wild Carrot. In contrast, unrestored meadows consisted of mostly non-native flowers and generally less floral abundance with decreased pollinator activity. Prevalent pollinators, such as bees, remain present but are less abundant compared to restored environments. Furthermore, the absence of specific plant species may limit the diversity of visiting pollinators in unrestored meadows. This comparative study provides valuable insights into the complex relationships between specific pollinators and plant species in meadow ecosystems and highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect these critical interactions among current environmental changes and habitat disturbances.
Project Title: Optical conductivity of high-entropy alloys based on BaMnSb2
Student Presenters: Agrim Gupta & Suraj Neupane
Major: Engineering Physics
Faculty Mentor: Catalin Martin
School: Theoretical and Applied Science
Abstract: The newly discovered Dirac (relativistic) semimetal BaMnSb2 is a potential candidate for energy applications, such as energy harvesting, terahertz detection, high speed electronics and quantum computing. The band gap and other electronic properties can be tuned through various substitutions at the Ba-site. Here, we present low temperature infrared properties of single crystals of BaMnSb2, as well as alloyed at the Ba-site with Ca, Eu and Yb, at various individual concentrations. By measuring reflectance of radiation spanning over three orders of magnitude in energy, and at cryogenic temperatures (- 320 F), we explore the quantum nature of electronic properties of this Compound. We discuss the effects of substitution and disorder on the regions of linear frequency dependence of optical conductivity, emerging from relativistic free carriers. We show that, while the absorption spectrum at high energy is strongly affected by the disorder induced through doping, the signature of relativistic fermions is resilient, offering real promises for technological applications.
In Appreciation
Thank you to all faculty mentors, deans, participating students, and staff who made this day so seamlessly possible as well as to all of you who attended and enjoyed these creative and scholarly achievements!
With special appreciation to the Provost for his continued support and encouragement.
Scholars’ Day Committee
- Rikki Abzug (Anisfield School of Business)
- Samy Mustafa (School of Humanities and Global Studies)
- Satarupa Dasgupta (School of Contemporary Arts)
- Kokila Kota (School of Theoretical and Applied Science)
- Timmesha Butler (School of Social Science and Human Services)
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